"traditionally played an outstanding role. Einar Stranden from Oslo, one of the leading specialists in the pathophysiology of the peripheral circulation, gives a clear and clinically orientated review of the transcapillary fluid balance in venous edema and the complex mechanism of the venous pump, supplemented by highly educational illustrations and drawings. Reading the methodological details of measuring transcapillary pressure gradients governing Starling’s equilibrium, one can understand that there is still uncertainty and dispute regarding how much fluid will be re"

Full text

"n the net transcapillary filtration rate exceeds the lymphatic drainage rate over a period of time. In other words, increased filtration or reduced lymph flow or both. The present chapter focuses on the lower limb edema frequently associated with venous insufficiency. Because the key pathophysiological factor behind this edema is increased distal venous pressure in the upright position, much attention is given to the mechanisms leading to venous hypertension. Furthermore, because understanding edema mechanisms requires knowledge of the factors acting on transcapillary fluid balance, a basic re"

Full text

"ive in Africa. It is caused by threadlike parasitic worms transmitted to humans by the bite of mosquitoes which are vectors of the disease. One of the effects resulting from a mosquito bite affecting a lower limb is the occurrence of lymphedema. When the latter becomes massive, it is known as elephantiasis. The purpose of the December 2009 aid mission was to treat patients with this disease by using compression therapy. Also, it was planned to study, in cooperation with the local health authorities, the possible setting up of a specific care facility to train nurses in the different methods of"

Full text

"women, generally during month 5 of a second pregnancy. Anatomically, the vulvar veins have communicating branches and anastomoses between the pelvic wall and the veins of internal organs, between the internal and external iliac venous system, and with the circulation of the medial aspect of the thigh via the perineal veins. Vulvar varices are not caused by an increase in circulatory volume during pregnancy, but by increased levels of estrogen and progesterone. Vulvar veins are the target of these hormones. Out of embarrassment, women rarely mention vulvar veins and they ar"

Full text

"disease? CVD covers a full spectrum of venous conditions ranging from telangiectasias to the ultimate complications (venous ulcers). Symptoms are commonly associated with signs of CVD. Venous symptoms are defined as tingling, aching, burning, pain, muscle cramps, swelling, sensations of throbbing or heaviness, itching skin, restless legs, leg tiredness and/or fatigue, which may be exacerbated during the course of the day or by heat, but relieved with leg rest or elevation or both.1 Venous signs are visible manifestations of CVD, which include dilated veins (telangiectasias, reticular veins,"

Full text

"s dysplasia of the lymphatics (LAD I), dysplasia of the lymph nodes (LAD II), or dysplasia of the lymphatics and lymph nodes (LAAD). Lymphatic dysplasias can be clinically represented by peripheral lymphedema alone or be associated with more and complex dysfunction in different locations, eg, intestinal lymph vessels, thoracic duct, and others. Primary lymphedema has for many years been the least understood form of lymphedema, but exploration of the underlying genetic causes of certain types of primary lymphedema is helping researchers identify and understand previously unrecognized syndromes."

Full text

"ting held in Lyon. Ten years later it seems logical to take stock of the present state of the EVF by analyzing the Antwerp congress. First of all in terms of the number of attendees. Attendance has increased from 160 founding members in Lyon to 320 in Belgium. More impressive is the number of participating countries: 38 in total this year covering the five continents. Quality remains the EVF’s main criterion for presentations, which explains why just 29 papers were selected from the 85 submitted. From the beginning the EVF board decided that the time devoted to di"

Full text

"nard - Phlebolymphology - 2011 ; 18 (1): 15 Recent Guidelines in Chronic Venous Disease: the place of Daflon 500 mg F. Pitsch - Phlebolymphology - 2011 ; 18 (1): 24 Lymphatic system dysfunction in pediatric populations C. M. Papendieck - Phlebolymphology - 2011 ; 18 (1): 30 Treatment of vulvar and perineal varicose veins J.-F. Van Cleef - Phlebolymphology - 2011; 18 (1): 38 ABOUT CONGRESSES AND BOOKS Review by Michel Perrin - Phlebolymphology - 2011 ; 18 (1): 44"

Full text