A comprehensive review of the diagnosis and treatment of nutcracker syndrome

Mert Dumantepe, MD Florence Nightingale Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey. Cuneyd Öztürk, MD Florence Nightingale Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey. Vincenzo Ardita, MD, PhD Vein Center, Vascular Surgery Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy Ferdinando B. A. Valente, MD Vein Center, Vascular Surgery Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy Domenico Baccellieri, MD, PhD Vein Center, Vascular Surgery Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy Alejandro Rodriguez Morata, MD Department of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, Hospital Quirónsalud, Málaga, Spain ABSTRACT Nutcracker syndrome (NCS) describes the symptomatic compression of the left renal vein…

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A comprehensive review of the history, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of iliac vein entrapment syndrome, also known as May-Thurner syndrome

Domenico Baccellieri,MD, Associate Professor Vein Center, Vascular Surgery Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy Ferdinando B. A. Valente, MD Vein Center, Vascular Surgery Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy Vincenzo Ardita, MD, PhD Vein Center, Vascular Surgery Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy Mert Dumantepe, MD, PhD Florence Nightingale Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey ABSTRACT May-Thurner syndrome (MTS), also known as iliac vein entrapment syndrome, is caused by extrinsic compression of the left common iliac vein—most often by the right common iliac artery—leading to venostasis and potential development of deep vein thrombosis…

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